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Reconciliation of contemporarily-appraised value for
weight of H2 gas (2) with Flint's alternate (4). S.H. Shakman
Flint presumed water units involved in
hydration to be
negatively-charged ions (H2O-) weighing 18 each (v.s. 20 for a neutral H2O)*;
a like value of 18 figures prominently in conventional determinations
of weights of H2 and O2**.
As direct evidence that negative ions may weigh less than positive
ones, Flint cited greater mobilities of the former v.s. the latter,
and showed how these are calculable.*
Flint also projected "combining" wts. (average of neutral & anhydrous
wts.) of 1 for H-, 7 for Li+, 23 for Na+, & 39 for K+, which approximate
contemporary "weight" values, but he did not utilize these values in his
calculations.*
The hypothesis that an entity (e.g. water) may weigh other than the sum
of constituents has precedents in: Marignac's 1860 suggestion that a
grouping of primordial atoms in the form of a (larger) chemical atom
might weigh other than the sum of weights of constituent atoms***; and
in F. W. Aston's 1921 proposal of a "packing" effect which might allow
for an atomic nucleus to weigh less than the sum of wts. of constituent
"charges".***
*FLINT,L.H.,Behavior Patterns of Hydration,1964: 22,25,159+.
**CLARKE,F.W.,Memoirs N.A.S., 16(1922), p.11-31.
***PROUT,W. (1815-6),J.STAS & C.MARIGNAC(1860); Prout's Hypoth.:p.58,22.
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