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   Inorganic Osmolality-Patterns of Divergence.  S.H. Shakman 
Observed maximum osmolality (OS)* is compared with maximum
volume increase (DV) per equation (after Flint) DV=(gpl/k)
(Vhz/2Vaz)-1), when gpl=grams-per-liter anhydrous solute,
k=520, and Vhz & OS/DV VALUES FOR INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Vaz=resp. sums of ION: SO4-- Cl- NO3- OH- Br- I- Cl:
hydrated (Vh) & an- Cs+ 3.10 SO4
hydrous (Va) ionic Li+ 3.61
volumes. Note pat- K+ 2.86 7.38 2.79 3.78 5.13 4.06 2.6
terns for divalent Na+ 1.40 4.36 1.90 2.70 2.87 3.1
positive ions with NH4+ 1.53 4.01 2.6
SO4--; monovalent H+ 3.37 3.46 2.14 1.0
positive ions with Ag+ 1.27
Cl-; ratios between Pb++ 1.21
values listed for Cd++ .95 1.30 1.4
K+ & Na+ with Mg++ 1.39 4.38 3.2
monovalent negative Ba++ 4.13
ions; and ratios Ca++ 19.36
between values for Co++ 3.26
for Cl- & SO4-- Sr++ 7.46
with monovalent Cu++ .84
positive ions. Mn++ 1.01
Ni++ .94
Zn++ .95
K:Na 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.8

*CRC HANDBOOK,1985,D221-. **FLINT,L.H., Behavior Patterns of
Hydration(1964): Wa=2(Z[atomic #]+C[valence]); Wh=Wa+18H; H=
23n-(Z+C) [H=23 to 0, n=1 to 4]; Vh=Wh/(1+(Wa/Wh));Va=Wa/2.

Flint has suggested tht K+ may act as a catalyst for chemical
processes involved in metabolism.

Encyclopedia Britannica, 1985(?, under blood?), p. 679, Table:

Concentrations of Potassium and Sodium Ions in
Plasma and Red Cells of Certain Vertebrates
(milli-equiv. per 1000 ml):
K+_______________ Na+_______________
red cells plasma red cells plasma
Man 95 4 19 136
Dog 8 4 97 143
Chicken 119 6 18 154

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