SERUM TREATMENT FOR POLIOMYELITIS   52R1-396



  "Antistreptococcic serum prepared in horses was used to treat


poliomyelitis.  In a group of monkeys inoculated with the virus of


the disease, ?6 per cent of those receiving the serum before


inoculation died of the disease; of the control group, 82 percent. 


In a series of poliomyelitis patients treated with the serum the


mortality rate was 8 per cent; in a control series, 21 per cent. 


In a series treated in all stages of the disease by the author, 10


per cent died; of those who did not receive the serum, 25 per cent.


  "An antibody has been prepared from the streptococcus which


appears to prevent paralysis and otherwise mitigate poliomyelitis


and to provide immunization from the disease."






TROPISM: DEAD STREPTOCOCCI VS PHARMAC. ACTION OF DRUGS 52R1-399


  In an attempt to determine the cause of elective localization of


streptococci from poliomyelitis v.s. arthritis, "large numbers of


streptococci of these types were killed by heat and injected


intracerebrally in parallel manner into rhesus monkeys and rabbits. 


The results were remarkable.  The streptococcus of poliomyelitis


remained in the cerebrospinal fluid and spinal cord, producing


great weakness or flaccid paralysis, but no lesions were produced


in the muscles or joints ... . The streptococcus of arthritis


disappeared promptly from the cerebrospinal fluid and appeared in


large numbers in the knee joint fluid ... .  The cause of these


examples of specificity or tropism in the dead streptococci is


considered similar to or identical with that involved in the well-


recognized specific pharmacological action of drugs, chemicals and


bacterial toxins."  Four of the monkeys that had received the dead


streptococci of poliomyelitis and two that had received the dead


streptococci of arthritis were inoculated intranasally with highly


potent polioimyelitis 10 days later.  The former four remained


well; the latter two developed typical poliomyelitis. [52R1, 398]


  "The clinical and pathologic features of the poliomyelitis caused


by the experimentally developed virus were indistinguishable from


those caused by the natural virus.  Monkeys that recovered from


poliomyelitis produced with the experimental virus were found to be


immune to natural virus, and vice versa ... "; etc. [52R1, 399]






VIRUS VS. FILTRABLE AGENT IN H. ZOSTER, MUMPS, ENCEPHALITIS 52R1


     And herpes zoster, mumps, encephalitis:  "Proof now appears


complete that the virus of poliomyelitis is particulate, spherical


or elongated, and grouped in diploid or in short filamentous chain


formation, as evidenced in electron micrographs by Loring, Schwerdt


and Marton [Physical Rev., 65:354, 1944, "Studies ... of the MV


strain..."] and, most convincingly, by Reagan Schenck and


Brueckner. [J. Infec. Dis. 86:295-296, 1950, "Morphological


observations ... of the Brunhilde strain ..."]  The observations of


these investigators further strongly suggest that the virus and the


streptococcus are related.  The recent reports by others of


electron micrographs of particles of various sizes, spherical or


ovoid and in diploid or short chain formation, in the viruses of


herpes zoster, mumps, encephalitis and influenza - the treatment of


which remains an unsolved problem - may be taken to indicate that


the viruses of these diseases may likewise be related to the


respective specific streptococci which the author has isolated by


special methods in these diseases and with which the lesions


characteristic of the diseases have been reproduced or closely


simulated." [52R1, p. 400]






ANTIBODY ADMINISTRATION - SUBCUTANEOUS OR INTRAMUSCULAR [52R1-400]


  It is noted that Dr. Rosenow referred to both intramuscular and


subcutaneous administration of antibody in his later articles, in


the cases of polio, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy and schizophrenia,


and not distinguish between the two types of injection:


     Polio:  "... Subcutaneous or intramuscular injection of


[thermal (artificial)] antibody in therapeutic amounts in persons


with poliomyelitis causes abrupt diminution of antigen and increase


in antibody (as determined by reaction to intradermal injections of


antibody and antigen); the treatment appears to prevent paralysis


and otherwise affect favorably the clinical course of the disease


and, prophylactically used, to prevent transmission within family


groups."  [52R1 p. 400]